Gestão de frotas com foco na economicidade dos recursos em empresas de transporte rodoviário no Brasil

Abstract

Road transport companies demand to allocate important investments in fixed assets, representing a high degree of immobilization. In this way, the research problem is to discuss Fleet Management aiming at the economy of resources, through practices and indicators used by companies, in order to understand the best practices adopted and propose improvements for companies in the sector in general. In this context, the present work presents, through a qualitative approach, of a descriptive and exploratory nature, with data collection and the application of a structured questionnaire, the practices and perceptions of managers regarding the theme. Questionnaires were sent to 424 companies in the field, linked to COMJOVEM – National Commission of Young Entrepreneurs and Executives of Road Cargo Transport, of NTC&Logística – National Association of Cargo Transport and Logistics, located in several states of Brazil, with predominance in the states of São Paulo, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Of these 424 companies, 117 responded, with a participation rate of 27.59%. As research findings, it is highlighted that the main motivation for exchanging assets is the age of the vehicle, followed by the cost of maintenance and mileage driven. Another relevant finding indicates that most companies consider it ideal to replace the fleet between 4 and 7 years of use, however, in the vast majority of cases, this is not possible, happening only with a period of use greater than 8 years. It was also identified that many companies are unaware of or do not use indicators for evaluation and decision support at the time of fleet replacement (42.3% of the sample) and that, on average, the respondents declare themselves with an average knowledge of 5.51 on the subject , on a scale from 1 to 7, showing that despite the relevance of the topic for the sector, there are many needs and opportunities that the subject provides, both in the advancement of best management practices, as well as in the economy of resources, aiming at sustainability of companies operating in the sector.