Estudo de caso: estudo sobre a utilização de veículos elétricos nas operações de last mile para entregas, coletas e substituição de máquinas de cartão de crédito e débito, junto aos comerciantes nas cidades de Brasília e Recife

Abstract

This proposal is presented as a case study on the use of a fleet of electric vehicles (motorcycles), for the collection and delivery of small volumes, better suited to the conditions of large and medium-sized cities through road transport. This service, called the "last mile", is critical for many industries, cargo companies and other lines of business, and has intensified in recent years in the Brazilian scenario, especially after the covid-19 pandemic, which occurred from 2020 in the country. The exponential use of online shopping during this period favored this service. And this evolution needs adjustments and ruptures in relation to the model practiced previously, such as the improvement in service (agility) and the change in relation to the energy matrix of transport. Thus, the present work presents analyzes and results of this type of collection and delivery, approaching, through academic and practical data, using research methods and representative sources on the subject, gathering: sustainability, supplier data, comparisons of efficiency, costs involved, economic viability, benchmarking processes, impacts to the community and the environment. Our objective was to evaluate the process of renewing the motorcycle fleet, with engines powered by combustion by electric motors. The work also demonstrates the feasibility of using motorcycles with electric motors and the benefit of having a fleet of motorcycles with a lower level of noise, contributing to the environment and to the global goals of the studied company, which aims to be carbon zero by 2040, pervasive in its ESG policies. The method used is the single case study, carried out in a multinational company that provides transport and logistics services. The company currently has collections and deliveries of this “last mile” modality, and we study the impacts of the current fleet of motorcycles with combustion engine by electric motorcycles. The research approach is of an exploratory qualitative nature, having as research instrument questionnaires, in-depth interviews with the company's executives in order to meet the objectives established in the present work.